Tricalysia niamniamensis Hiern

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Photo: Mark Hyde
Christon Bank

Photo: Mark Hyde
North of Prince Edward Dam

Photo: Mark Hyde
Christon Bank

Photo: Mark Hyde
Mbizi Game Park, picnic area

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Synonyms:	Tricalysia angolensis sensu R.B. Drumm. non A. Rich.
Common names:	Scaly-bark jackal-coffee (English)
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark pale brown, often slightly scaling; branches often with knobbly leaf scars, velvety when young. Leaves opposite, ovate, elliptic to obovate, up to 9 × 4 cm, pale green, usually covered with short soft hairs, sometimes only hairy on the midrib; hair-tuft domatia present; petiole 1-6 mm, velvety. Flowers in tight c. 5-flowered heads along the branches, strongly scented, appearing before the leaves. Corolla greenish-white to cream, 1-1.5cm in diameter. Fruit almost round, c. 7 mm in diameter, crowned with the remains of the calyx, red when ripe.
Notes:	Note: the division of this species in varieties or subspecies by various authors is confusing to say the least. We therefore maintain here as an single aggregate species for the time being.
Derivation of specific name:	niamniamensis: described from a collection by George Schweinfurth in 1870 in the ‘Lande der Niamniam’. Niam Niam extended ± from Lake Chad to the White Nile in what is now South Sudan and in DRC to the equator.
Habitat:	In open woodland, most often on koppies and rocky hillsides
Altitude range:	750 - 1520 m
Flowering time:	Oct - Nov
Worldwide distribution:	Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe
Malawi distribution:	C
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Bridson, D.M. & Verdcourt, B. (2003). Rubiaceae, Part 3 Flora Zambesiaca 5(3) Pages 492 - 493. As Tricalysia niamniamensis nodosa Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 980. (Includes a picture). Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 275. As Tricalysia angolensis Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 74. Robbrecht, E. (1987). The African genus Tricalysia A. Rich. (Rubiaceae) 4. Revision of the species of sectio Tricalysia ans sectio Rosea. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique national de Belgique 57(1/2) Pages 171 - 173. as subsp. niamniamensis and subsp. nodosa

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Flora of Mozambique: Tricalysia niamniamensis
Flora of Zambia: Tricalysia niamniamensis
Flora of Zimbabwe: Tricalysia niamniamensis

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Tricalysia niamniamensis
African Plant Database: Tricalysia niamniamensis
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Tricalysia niamniamensis
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Tricalysia niamniamensis
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Tricalysia niamniamensis
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iNaturalist: Tricalysia niamniamensis
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Tricalysia niamniamensis
JSTOR Plant Science: Tricalysia niamniamensis
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Tricalysia niamniamensis
Plants of the World Online: Tricalysia niamniamensis
Tropicos: Tricalysia niamniamensis
Wikipedia: Tricalysia niamniamensis