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Berkheya echinacea
polyacantha
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Photo: Bart Wursten
Kaperekeza road, Nyika National Park
Photo: Bart Wursten
Kaperekeza road, Nyika National Park
Photo: Bart Wursten
Kaperekeza road, Nyika National Park
Photo: Bart Wursten
Kaperekeza road, Nyika National Park
Photo: Bart Wursten
Kaperekeza road, Nyika National Park
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Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)
| Synonyms: |
Berkheya parvifolia Baker Berkheya polyacantha Baker |
| Common names: | |
| Frequency: | |
| Status: | Native |
| Description: |
A slender perennial herb up to c. 140 cm tall, growing from a woody rootstock. Stems annual, 1 -several erect simple or more or less branched above. Leaves along the stem linear-oblong or lanceolate, mostly 3–12 cm long, decurrent on the stem in continuous wings; wings to 1.5 cm wide, sinuate-dentate to coarsely dentate on the margins, spinescent as in leaf upper surface. Leaves more or less crowded on the lower stem, sessile, oblanceolate, 12–22 cm long; margins of all leaves and stem wings sinuate-dentate to coarsely dentate or sub-entire, upper surfaces and margins beset with bristle-like spines 2–7 mm long. Capitula radiate, solitary and terminal, or several more or less clustered on stems and branches, 4–6 cm in diameter. Phyllaries mostly 12–20 mm long, the outer and innermost somewhat shorter, linear and spine-tipped; the outer phyllaries leaf-like and dentate-lobed with 2–4 bristle-like spines 3–5 mm long on each tooth, often also spinescent on the margin between the teeth; the inner phyllaries more or less unarmed. Rays yellow, mostly 15 mm long. Disk-floret corollas yellow, c. 7 mm long; achenes 1–2 mm long, more or less densely silvery strigose; pappus scales narrowly oblong-obovate, 1.5–2 mm long. |
| Notes: | |
| Derivation of specific name: | echinacea: spiny like a hedgehog, echinate; polyacantha: with many spines. |
| Habitat: | Submontane grassland, often in wet places. |
| Altitude range: | |
| Flowering time: | |
| Worldwide distribution: | Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. |
| Malawi distribution: | N |
| Growth form(s): | |
| Endemic status: | |
| Red data list status: | |
| Insects associated with this species: | |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Content last updated: | Wednesday 5 September 2018 |
| Literature: |
Baumann, G. (2005). Photographic Guide to Wildflowers of Malawi Wildlife and Environmental Society of Malawi Pages 162 - 163. (Includes a picture). Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 82. Fabian, A. & Germishuizen, G. (1997). Wild Flowers of Northern South Africa. Fernwood Press, Vlaeburg. Page 456. Note this is a different subspecies, namely subsp. echinacea. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 23. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 28. Pope, G.V. (1992). Compositae Flora Zambesiaca 6(1) Pages 240 - 241. As Berkheya polyacantha Roessler, H. (1975). The Compositae of the Flora Zambesiaca Area, 5 Subtribe Gorteriinae. Kirkia 10(1) Pages 76 - 77. |
Other sources of information about Berkheya echinacea subsp. polyacantha:
Our websites:
Flora of Zambia: Berkheya echinacea subsp. polyacanthaFlora of Zimbabwe: Berkheya echinacea subsp. polyacantha
External websites:
African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Berkheya echinaceaAfrican Plant Database: Berkheya echinacea
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Berkheya echinacea
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Berkheya echinacea
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Berkheya echinacea
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Berkheya echinacea
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Berkheya echinacea
JSTOR Plant Science: Berkheya echinacea
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Berkheya echinacea
Plants of the World Online: Berkheya echinacea
Tropicos: Berkheya echinacea
Wikipedia: Berkheya echinacea
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