Monactinocephalus paniculatus (Klatt) Burtt Davy

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Chakoma, NE of Harare

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Synonyms:	Inula subscaposa S. Moore Monactinocephalus paniculatus Klatt
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Robust perennial herb, up to c. 2 m tall. Stem simple, branching only at the inflorescence, pubescent and somewhat rough, becoming woody near the base. Leaves both basal and along the stem. Basal leaves petiolate, elliptic to oblanceolate up to 40(60) cm long, often decurrent into the petiole, roughly hairy above with tubercle-based hairs, more softly hairy below; margin coarsely toothed. Leaves on the stem alternate, up to 35 cm long, getting smaller higher up the stem, sessile to strongly clasping the stem. Capitula in fairly dense heads, together forming a large panicle up to 35 cm in diameter, orange-yellow with 3-5 ray-florets. Involucral bracts c. 4 seriate, linear-lanceolate, ciliate on the margin, often purple-tipped.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	paniculata: with a branched inflorescence (panicle).
Habitat:	In vleis and by streams in miombo woodland and montane grassland.
Altitude range:
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	From West Africa to Ethiopia and south to northern South Africa.
Malawi distribution:	N,C,S
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 99. As Inula paniculata (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 34. As Inula paniculata Gutiérrez-Larruscain, D., Santos-Vicente, M., Anderberg, A.A., Rico, E. & Martínez-Ortega, M.M. (2018). Phylogeny of the Inula group (Asteraceae: Inuleae): Evidence from nuclear and plastid genomes and a recircumscription of Pentanema Taxon 67(1) Page 158. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 26. As Inula paniculata Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 31. As Inula paniculata Wild, H. (1980). The Compositae of the Flora Zambesiaca area, 12. Inuleae (continued). Kirkia 12(1) Pages 40 - 41. As Inula paniculata

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Flora of Zambia: Monactinocephalus paniculatus
Flora of Zimbabwe: Monactinocephalus paniculatus

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African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Monactinocephalus paniculatus
African Plant Database: Monactinocephalus paniculatus
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Monactinocephalus paniculatus
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Monactinocephalus paniculatus
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Monactinocephalus paniculatus
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iNaturalist: Monactinocephalus paniculatus
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Monactinocephalus paniculatus
JSTOR Plant Science: Monactinocephalus paniculatus
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Monactinocephalus paniculatus
Plants of the World Online: Monactinocephalus paniculatus
Tropicos: Monactinocephalus paniculatus
Wikipedia: Monactinocephalus paniculatus