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Unarmed or spiny, annual, rarely perennial, monoecious herbs. Leaves alternate, long-petiolate, simple and entire or sinuate. Flowers unisexual. Bracts and 2 bracteoles present. Perianth segments (2-)3-5, free or connate at base, membranous. Fruit a capsule, indehiscent, rupturing irregularly or with a circumscissile lid. Seeds usually black and shining. Worldwide: 60 species, in both tropical and temperate zones Malawi: 9 taxa. The larvae of the following species of insect eat species of this genus:
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Species | FZ divisions | Content |
dubius Mart. ex Thell. | N,S | Description, Image |
graecizans L. subsp. silvestris (Vill.) Brenan | N,S | Description, Image |
hybridus L.[Agg] | N,C,S | Description, Image |
hybridus L. subsp. cruentus (L.) Thell. | N,S | |
hybridus L. subsp. hybridus | C,S | |
lividus L. subsp. lividus | N | |
lividus L. subsp. polygonoides (Moq.) Probst | N | Description, Image |
spinosus L. | N,C,S | Description, Image |
thunbergii Moq. | N,S | Description, Image |
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