Gmelina arborea Roxb.

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Roadside at junction T308 and connection road with M1, Rumphi.

Photo: Bart Wursten
Wildlife Sanctuary, Lilongwe

Photo: Bart Wursten
Hysteria Lane, Area 3, Lilongwe

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Synonyms:	Gmelina arborea Roxb. var. glaucescens C.B. Clarke Gmelina rheedii Hook. Premna arborea (Roxb.) Roth
Common names:	Grey teak (English)
Description:	An unarmed deciduous tree up to 20 m tall. Leaves broadly-ovate or ovate-cordate, 10–25 cm long, with a long narrow tip, 3-veined from the base, somewhat discolorous blue-green beneath, base with 2 glands; margin entire, toothed or sometimes lobed on coppice growth or young plants; petiole 5–15 cm long. Inflorescences in many-flowered branched heads, 7.5–39 cm long; flowers appearing before or with the young leaves. Calyx c. 5 mm long, campanulate, shortly 5-toothed, rusty hairy. Corolla yellow or brilliant orange to reddish or brownish-yellow or pinkish-brown to salmon or apricot-coloured, 2.5–4 cm long, densely velvety outside, 2-lipped, with the upper lip deeply divided into 2 oblong, obtuse lobes, the lower lip 3-lobed with the median lobe longer and broader than the lateral ones. Fruit an ovoid or obovoid drupe 1.5–2.5 cm long, orange-yellow when ripe.
Notes:	Introduced and actively encouraged to plant everywhere in Malawi during the regime of Kamuzu Banda as an alternative source of firewood.
Derivation of specific name:	arborea: tree-like
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Native in Pakistan, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Indo-China, Malaysia, Polynesia and Southern China.
Growth form(s):	Tree.
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Fernandes, R. (2005). Lamiaceae (subfamilies: Viticoideae and Ajugoideae) Flora Zambesiaca 8(7) Pages 63 - 64.

Other sources of information about Gmelina arborea:

Our websites:

Flora of Burundi: Gmelina arborea
Flora of Mozambique: cultivated Gmelina arborea
Flora of Zambia: cultivated Gmelina arborea
Flora of Zimbabwe: cultivated Gmelina arborea

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Gmelina arborea
African Plant Database: Gmelina arborea
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Gmelina arborea
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Gmelina arborea
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Gmelina arborea
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Gmelina arborea
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Gmelina arborea
JSTOR Plant Science: Gmelina arborea
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Gmelina arborea
Plants of the World Online: Gmelina arborea
Tropicos: Gmelina arborea
Wikipedia: Gmelina arborea